The Spectre of Financial Dominance in the Eurozone

Differently from previous crises, the European institutions responded promptly to the Covid-19 pandemic by implementing an appropriate policy mix. However, this policy mix has proven to be insufficient for reducing the risks of financial instability in the European Union due to the temporary horizon of the centralised fiscal policy and the persistence of adverse shocks. In fact, the impact of the pandemic was exacerbated by the dramatic consequences of the war in Ukraine. The possible inefficiencies in implementing the Next Generation-EU (NG-EU) and an inadequate response to the Ukraine crisis could trigger, at best, the revival of financial and fiscal dominance in the euro-area economies. However, by using a simple model referred to the post-pandemic and war period, we show that the overburdening of the European Central Bank's role would come with high costs. Hence, we argue that it is necessary to pursue sustainable development based on the successful implementation of the NG-EU and the related transformation of the one-shot centralised fiscal policy into a recurrent policy tool. © 2023, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Economia (Italian Economic Association).

MASCULINIDAD HEGEMÓNICA, ROLES DE GÉNERO Y VIOLENCIA INTRAFAMILIAR EN PUEBLA-TLAXCALA, MÉXICO

El objetivo del artículo es analizar, desde la perspectiva de género, la incidencia de la masculinidad hegemónica y los roles de género estereotipados en la armonía familiar en la Zona Metropolitana de Puebla-Tlaxcala (ZMTP), donde se reporta un incremento de violencia durante el confinamiento por Covid-19 como resultado del reparto desigual en los quehaceres domésticos y el machismo en México. Es una investigación cualitativa donde se empleó el método de encuesta telefónica y descriptivo-exploratorio. Al final del trabajo, se evidencia que las tradiciones culturales y la normalización de la dominación masculina impiden la erradicación de los abusos en el hogar.Alternate :The objective of the article is to analyze, from the gender perspective, the incidence of hegemonic masculinity and stereotyped gender roles in family harmony where it refers to an increase in violence during confinement by Covid-19 in the Metropolitan Area Puebla-Tlaxcala (ZMTP) as a result of the unequal distribution of domestic chores and sexism in Mexico. It is a qualitative investigation where the method of telephone and descriptive-exploratory survey was used. At the end of the work, it shows that cultural traditions and the normalization of male domination prevent the eradication of abuse in the home.

Uncovering Hidden Media Framings in Generic Communication Competence Assessments: Is the Face-To-Face Context the Default Framing?

Dispositional communication competencies can be assessed in (a) a generic form that does not include any reference to a particular medium of interaction or in (b) a communication medium-specific version. To date, little is known about the specific media that individuals use as a reference and the weights they assign to them when responding to generic communication items - an important research gap because the use of diverse communication media has risen considerably during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on media theories, two hypotheses were derived: Generic ratings contain a "hidden" face-to-face (FtF) communication framing that is dominant in the cognitive processing (media naturalness perspective) versus media are equally weighted in the mental aggregate of respondents (adaptation perspective). According to a preregistered study plan, generic and medium-specific communication items were assessed to investigate these hypotheses (referencing FtF, videoconferencing, chat, and e-mail interaction contexts). Training (n = 200) and test (n = 389) datasets were analyzed using latent variable modeling. Results indicated that generic ratings have a strong hidden FtF framing. These hidden framings impact the predictive power of the competencies to explain communication criteria (i.e. communication satisfaction). Exploratory analyses indicated that individual differences in media experience may affect the framings.

The Role of the Colombian Congress during the Covid-19 Pandemics: Political Control, Public Control and Legislative Activity

In a state of emergency context, the constitutional system grants the President of the Republic of Colombia the power to adopt measures through the issuance of legislative decrees to solve the crisis generated by the emergency (legislative delegation). However, the scope of this power finds its limits in the controls established in the Constitution of Colombia. One of these controls is the political control exercised by the Congress. This involves evaluating the timeliness and appropriateness of the measures adopted by the Government. Nevertheless, the powers granted to the Government do not imply the suspension of the Congress' powers. On the contrary. During a state of emergency, the Congress is required to play an even more active role to avoid abuses of power. The objective of this article is to evaluate the role of the Congress during the first and second declaration of a State of Emergency in Colombia due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Introduction to the Symposium: Parasitism and the Logics of Anti-Indigeneity and Antiblackness

The more recent crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic revealed the contemporary protocols of the Western European-American parasitic paradigm. As any scholar of the Black Radical Tradition have argued, the emergence of global capitalism is indelibly tied to the emergence of the transatlantic slave trade and is constitutive of the emergence of Black(ness)/racialization of Black people. Furthermore, the underlying assumptions of Western modernity's so-called scientific paradigm for comprehending the world, facilitates the justification of the ascendancy of whiteness in a hierarchy of being. Both racial capitalism and coloniality of being embodies the parasitism of the modern world-system that results in the dynamics of the pandemic.

The Founder: Dispositional Greed, Showbiz, and the Commercial Determinants of Health.

Marketing unhealthy products by multinational corporations has caused considerable harm to individual health, collective wellbeing, and environmental sustainability. This is a growing threat to all societies and a significant contributor to the rising global burden of non-communicable diseases and early mortality. While there is growing consideration of the commercial determinants of health, this is largely focused on the methods by which unhealthy products are marketed and disseminated, including efforts to manipulate policy. Little attention has been paid to the underlying psychological traits and worldviews that are driving corporate greed. Here, we consider the role of "dispositional greed" in the commercial determinants of health with a focus on the historical attitudes and culture in the ultra-processed food industry-exemplified by "The Founder" of the McDonald's franchise. We argue that greed and associated psychological constructs, such as social dominance orientation and collective narcissism, permeate the commercial determinants of health at a collective level. This includes how a culture of greed within organizations, and individual dispositional greed, can magnify and cluster at scale, perpetuated by social dominance orientation. We also consider the ways in which "showbiz" marketing specifically targets marginalized populations and vulnerable groups, including children-in ways that are justified, or even celebrated despite clear links to non-communicable diseases and increased mortality. Finally, we consider how greed and exploitative mindsets mirror cultural values and priorities, with trends for increasing collective narcissism at scale, recognizing that many of these attitudes are cultivated in early life. A healthier future will depend on navigating a path that balances material prosperity with physical and spiritual wellbeing. This will require cultural change that places higher value on kindness, reciprocity, and mutualistic values especially in early life, for more equitable flourishing.

MOCOVIDOA: a novel multi-objective coronavirus disease optimization algorithm for solving multi-objective optimization problems.

A novel multi-objective Coronavirus disease optimization algorithm (MOCOVIDOA) is presented to solve global optimization problems with up to three objective functions. This algorithm used an archive to store non-dominated POSs during the optimization process. Then, a roulette wheel selection mechanism selects the effective archived solutions by simulating the frameshifting technique Coronavirus particles use for replication. We evaluated the efficiency by solving twenty-seven multi-objective (21 benchmarks & 6 real-world engineering design) problems, where the results are compared against five common multi-objective metaheuristics. The comparison uses six evaluation metrics, including IGD, GD, MS, SP, HV, and delta p (ΔP). The obtained results and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test show the superiority of this novel algorithm over the existing algorithms and reveal its applicability in solving multi-objective problems.

Dual Evolutionary Foundations of Political Ideology Predict Divergent Responses to COVID-19

Political conservatives' opposition to COVID-19 restrictions is puzzling given the well-documented links between conservatism and conformity, threat sensitivity, and pathogen aversion. We propose a resolution based on the Dual Foundations Theory of ideology, which holds that ideology comprises two dimensions, one reflecting trade-offs between threat-driven conformity and individualism, and another reflecting trade-offs between empathy-driven cooperation and competition. We test predictions derived from this theory in a UK sample using individuals' responses to COVID-19 and widely-used measures of the two dimensions - 'right-wing authoritarianism' (RWA) and 'social dominance orientation' (SDO), respectively. Consistent with our predictions, we show that RWA, but not SDO, increased following the pandemic and that high-RWA conservatives do display more concerned, conformist, pro-lockdown attitudes, while high-SDO conservatives display less empathic, cooperative attitudes and are anti-lockdown. This helps explain paradoxical prior results and highlights how a focus on unidimensional ideology can mask divergent motives across the ideological landscape.

When Unipolarity Dies: The Russo- Ukrainian War, the End of the Neoliberal Order and Asian Security in the 2020s

The end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union allowed for a period of US-centered unipolarity in global affairs. This period has ended;it will not return. Moreover, the delicate neoliberal world order crafted by the United States and its allies is collapsing, unable to endure the stress of the COVID-19 crisis and its aftermath. The rise of China does not, however, mean that the world is returning to a long period of bipolarity --reminiscent of the US-Soviet Cold War. Rather, the United States and China simply happen to be far greater than any of their potential competitors at present-the globe is in a condition of "incomplete multi-polarity." The multipolar system is maturing rapidly, however, and it is to be expected that an increasing number of great and medium powers will pursue their interests unilaterally and assertively. This period of deepening multi-polarity is dangerous. It may plausibly culminate in a Third World War. This analysis examines immediate and longer-term dangers accompanying the new multi-polarity, with particular emphasis on how the security of East and South Asia is inextricably linked.

Interval-valued probabilistic uncertain linguistic decision-making method based on improved distance and similarity.

Aiming at the multi-attribute group decision-making problem with interval-valued probabilistic uncertain linguistic term set (IVPULTS) and unknown expert weights, this paper proposed a decision-making method combining distance and similarity. Firstly, it employed the interval dominance degree method to rank interval-valued probabilities to form an ordered IVPULTS since the disorder of elements in IVPULTS causes the existing distance measure and decision-making result to be non-unique. At the same time, it expanded the existing distance by using the interval linguistic term distance measuring method considering the poor discriminative power. Secondly, based on the dual relationship between distance and similarity measures, this paper defined the distance similarity formula and determined the weights of different experts using the improved similarity-trust network analysis method. Next, it designed a TOPSIS decision-making method based on improved distance and similarity-trust network (IDSTN-TOPSIS) to obtain a unique and stable ranking of the alternatives. Finally, taking the selection of resilient suppliers of a medical supplies manufacturing company under COVID-19 as an example, experimental results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] 针对属性值为区间值概率不确定语言术语集（interval-valued probabilistic uncertain linguistic term set, IVPULTS）、专家权重未知的多属性群决策问题，提出一种融合距离和相似度的决策方法。首先，由于现有的 IVPULTS中元素的无序性导致距离测度及决策结果不唯一，利用区间优势度方法对区间值概率进行排序，从而 形成有序的IVPULTS；同时考虑到现有距离测度区分能力不高，利用不确定语言距离度量方法扩充现有距离公 式。其次，基于距离与相似测度存在的对偶关系，为IVPULTS定义了距离相似度公式，并利用改进的相似—信 任网络分析法确定不同专家的权重。再次，设计了基于改进距离和相似—信任网络的TOPSIS决策方法（improved distance and similarity-trust network TOPSIS，IDSTN-TOPSIS），从而得到唯一且稳定的方案排序。最后，以新 冠疫情下某医疗用品制造公司熔喷布弹性供应商选择为例，验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性。 (Chinese) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Application Research of Computers / Jisuanji Yingyong Yanjiu is the property of Application Research of Computers Edition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Old and new rituals throughout the covid-19 pandemic

This chapter shows how rituals are places, hubs of communication and negotiation, but they are also sources of monetary exchange as soon as a ritual is tamed and transformed by the market system. The transhumanist movements have seized upon the particular ritual of death with a philosophical idea derived from religion, which is to establish immortality by making the most perfect copy of a human possible and tofight the idea of death. The decline of traditional rituals seems to be essentially a permanent human search for freedom from taboos and constraints, from everything that seems established, unchangeable and outdated in order to achieve greater individual freedom. Rituals are constantly being reinvented through technology. In contemporary society, there is a desire - sometimes rather clumsy - to create new rituals. The rational, rationalist, Cartesian dominance of our industrial societies seems to favor laws and regulations to the detriment of rituals. © ISTE Ltd 2022.

What is an Optimal Allocation in Hong Kong Stock, Real Estate, and Money Markets: An Individual Asset, Efficient Frontier Portfolios, or a Naïve Portfolio? Is This a New Financial Anomaly?

To test for arbitrage opportunities and market efficiency in the Hong Kong money, stock, and real estate markets, we find that the money market stochastically dominates both the stock and real estate markets. Furthermore, the real estate market dominates the stock market, the money market dominates nearly all the efficient frontier portfolios, none of the efficient portfolios dominates the money market, and the money market also dominates the equal-weighting portfolio. This infers that in some cases investors could achieve higher expected ex-ante utility by investing in an individual asset rather than a portfolio. Our conclusions drawn from the pre-COVID-19 period are the same as those drawn from the entire period and the conclusions drawn from the COVID-19 period are the same as those drawn from the entire period except that the money market only stochastically dominates some of the efficient frontier portfolios. Our findings question diversification benefits in the Hong Kong capital market during our sample period, including both the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods.

The impact of female dominance on business resilience: A technology adoption perspective

This study explores the relationship between women entrepreneurship and business resilience, the moderation of pre-crisis and during-crisis technology adoption, and female representation in top management in the aforementioned relationship. Building on the "mom-cession” theory, the authors propose an integrated multiple-moderation model to understand the boundary conditions that can reduce the negative effect of female dominance on business resilience. Using a sample of 9035 firms across 24 countries and employing a structural equation modeling technique for model testing, this study found a negative relationship between female dominance and business resilience. Female-dominated firms led by female top managers exhibited lower business resilience. The results showed that firms' pre- and post-COVID-19 technology adoption moderated the negative relationship between female dominance and business resilience such that this relationship was weaker for firms that had already adopted technology before COVID-19 and stronger for firms that adopted technology only during COVID-19. © 2023 Elsevier Inc.

Between Two Crises: News Framing of Migration during the Greek-Turkish Border Crisis and COVID-19 in Greece

Migration has been one of the most divisive issues in global politics and media has played a significant role in how people perceive and respond to it. This study employs peace journalism and framing theory to examine how Greek media portrayed migration to Greece during a dual crisis in early 2020: a Greek-Turkish border crisis and the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. It contributes to previous literature in two important ways. First, by offering insights of news coverage of migration in the aftermath of the 2015 refugee crisis in Europe. Second, by examining the less-researched topic of media representations of migration during the pandemic. Results indicate that refugees and migrants are dehumanized in media discourse, portrayed as "enemies at the gate" of Europe and as carriers of the virus. The content analysis finds variations between different media outlets including language, approach, problem/threat definition and stereotypes. The article also identifies important similarities in news coverage;most notably, the dominance of political elites as sources across all media content, the absence of refugee/migrant voice and the focus on policies of border control and enforcement. We suggest that these patterns ultimately function to obscure the complexity of the refugee and migration issue. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journalism Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Análisis de las Apps Covid en la Unión Europea: entre la excepcionalidad y la protección de los derechos fundamentales

Los retos a los que se enfrenta la Unión Europea crean en ocasiones situaciones de tensión, en las que la organización debe responder al mismo tiempo a la protección y garantía de los derechos fundamentales de su ciudadanía, y a necesidades de índole global que excepcionalmente requieren la suspensión de esos mismos derechos por un bien mayor. Este fue el caso durante la pandemia de 2020, en el que la Unión Europea y los Estados miembros decretaron cuarentenas en contra de la libertad de movimiento, para restringir los contactos e intentar contener los contagios. En este contexto se produjo también una implementación de políticas digitales para afrontar la gestión de la crisis, en concreto nos referimos a las aplicaciones covid de rastreo y vigilancia de los contactos entre individuos. Estas aplicaciones estaban sujetas a los requisitos y garantías del marco legislativo comunitario, que hemos visto evolucionar en los últimos dos años, para hacer frente a la creciente digitalización de los servicios públicos. El caso de las aplicaciones covid es paradigmático para observar cómo se ha producido esa adaptación. La injerencia de los estados de forma excepcional durante la crisis, pero regulada hoy en instrumentos de coordinación comunitarios, ha creado nuevos marcos de navegación en internet. Los usuarios cuentan ahora con un nuevo nivel de protección de sus datos personales y su derecho a la privacidad, que si bien venía garantizada por el Reglamento de Protección de Datos (679/2016), ha dado un importante paso adelante con la aceleración de la digitalización de la administración durante la pandemia. Además, a través de una crítica desde la teoría contractual, podemos ver cómo la Unión Europea ha respondido a las dinámicas globales a nivel de normativa digital, priorizando hoy un sistema de contrapesos y límites tanto a las empresas como a las administraciones públicas, en su intercambio con los usuarios en internet. Las aplicaciones covid materializan esas limitaciones y garantías de protección de los usuarios (esencialmente de su privacidad y derechos fundamentales), que nos llevan a plantear la creación de un nuevo contrato social digital, igual que se ha transformado en otras ocasiones para responder a cuestiones como la clase, el género, la raza y la ecología.Alternate :The challenges facing the European Union (EU) can sometimes create tensions, in which the organization must answer both to the protection and guarantee of the fundamental rights of its citizens, and to global needs that exceptionally require the suspension of those same rights for the greater good. In its liberal political tradition that believes in the existence of a public and a private sphere, it has established systems of checks and balances, rule of law and stable institutions to protect the rights and freedoms of its citizens.Yet sometimes these must be suspended in cases of exceptionality for their own preservation. This was the case during the 2020 pandemic, when the European Union and its member States decreed quarantines against the consolidated and fundamental freedom of movement of persons, to restrict contacts and try to contain contagions. In this context, digital policies were also implemented to deal with crisis management, like Covid applications for tracing and monitoring contacts between individuals. This invasion of the private sphere of citizens had to be accompanied by a set of limitations and guarantees, to protect this inherent and private individual's right. These applications were subject to the requirements of the European legislative framework (the commonly known acquis communautaire), which included several legal instruments laid out by the EU to create a framework to guide the performance of its member-state Governments on this matter. Apart from the GDPR and the ePrivacy Directive, we underline the importance of Recommendation (EU) 2020/518 that connects health rights, health management and data protection;and also, the importance of Communication 2020/C 124 I/01 th t set a series of ideal elements to guide apps functions, and established the importance that it is Government agencies that manage digital apps, so there is a guarantee of the protection of citizens' rights. Through the comparative study of how apps were managed when they first appeared in 2020 throughout most of 2021, and how apps evolved (both in management and use) in 2021 and throughout 2022, we can address the evolution of EU policy on digital matters, which have meant to create new frameworks for internet navigation. At first, there were 24 different apps for the 24 out of 27 Member States who decided to create and promote the use of these instruments among their citizens. Most of them were managed by national authorities (except for Austria and Romania who were managed by Red Cross and a local NGO respectively), and were developed by a public-private collaboration, or only public agencies.At the end of the crisis, at least politically since societal weariness and the economic crisis rendered it difficult to keep up the restrictions introduced in the spring of 2020, in June 2021 the EU created its GreenPass or vaccination passport.This policy was implemented in most countries and even though 24 different national health services were still in place, they all used the EU passport, available to citizens via their national health websites or apps. Even though the exceptionality of the pandemic has ended, one of the outcomes has been the establishment of a system of data gathering, storage and management for public means, managed by National Authorities, which has technically created a digital contract where the State guarantees citizens' digital rights. This is even more important as we attend to an increase in the digitalization of public services, especially since 2020.The changes were thus promoted in a state of exception during the crisis to regulate Government interference in the citizen's private sphere but have laid a roadmap for the development of the digital framework, which may lead to the conclusion of a digital social contract. The social contract appears in the EU's liberal tradition as a metaphor of the relation between the State and the individual, it defines the notion of sovereignty as the set of rights possessed by the citizen that may be subject to special protection. Hence, the social contract serves as the basis for creating modern societies, yet it is not permanent and can (and will) change when societies change accordingly. Several critiques have been made to the original social contract, creating new and developed contracts, including the class critique (from worker's movements and Marxism during the 19th Century to Piketty's present denouncing of social inequalities), the gender critique (as Carole Pateman's Sexual Contract puts it, the social contract institutionalized patriarchy), the racial critique (where Charles W. Mills develops the gender critique from a racial point of view where the social contract created a system of domination by the Western world) and finally the environmental critique (where its advocates claim for an eco-social contract or a nature social contract that shifts the approach to a bio-centric system). Therefore, the contract serves as a theoretical framework that can be changed, and in this case, it challenges the evolution towards a digital social contract. The evolution of internet and tech structures that support the web and its processes has been marked by three stages: its birth in the 80s by the hand of the State and linked to military research;its deregulation during the 90s and the privatization of the main telecommunications enterprises (in the case of the EU, the digital policy followed this trend);and the consolidation of a digital sphere in the 21st century, where the EU has taken a step back and created a set of instruments to guarantee the protection and freedom of its citizens when they navigate the internet. We can see how the EU has responded to global dynamics at the level of digital regulation, prioritizing today a multistakeholder system with s veral actors, and counterweights and limits for both companies and public administrations in their exchange with users on the internet. With the emergence of new spaces for social relations such as in the digital sphere, new types of sovereignty must be considered in order to guarantee the rights and privacy of users (we must not forget the importance of the separation between spheres, as fear liberalism reminds us, and of limiting exceptionality to those circumstances that really appear as such). Once the foundations on which the model of digital guarantees can be developed have been laid, the next step can be the creation of a real digital contract between users and the state on the internet. However, the contract is but an idea of reason for understanding politics and institutions, which begs the question of what digital politics we aspire to as societies.

Interspecies cosmopolitanism: Non-human power and the grounds of world order in the Anthropocene

Cosmopolitanism claims to be the most just and inclusive of mainstream approaches to the ethics and practice of world order, given its commitment to human interconnection, peace, equality, diversity, and rights, and its concern with the many globalised pathologies that entrench injustice and vulnerability across borders. Yet it has largely remained oblivious to the agency, power, and value of non-human life on a turbulent and active Earth. Without rejecting its commitments to justice for human beings, the article challenges its humanism as both morally and politically inadequate to the situation of the Anthropocene, exemplified by the simultaneous crises of climate change, mass extinction, and the COVID-19 pandemic. In answer, the article develops new grounds and principles for an interspecies cosmopolitanism, exploring how we can reimagine its ontological foundations by creating new grounding images of subjectivity, existential unity, institutional organisation, and ordering purpose. These, in turn, can support political and institutional projects to secure the rights of ecosystems and people to flourish and persist through an increasingly chaotic epoch of human dominance and multispecies vulnerability across the Anthropocene Earth.

Covid-Pandemi Sürecinde Íktisadi ve Ídari Bilimler Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Uzaktan Eğitime Yaklaşımları

Covid-19 hastalığı, 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Türkiye'de bu hastalık ile mücadele konusunda birçok alanda önlem çalışmaları başlatılmıştır. Bu kapsamda yüz yüze eğitime ara verilerek eğitimin her kademesinde öğrenme ve öğretme sürecinde öğrenci ve öğreticinin farklı mekânlarda olduğu uzaktan eğitim sistemine geçilmiştir. Böylece bir alternatif olan uzaktan eğitim sistemi zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Böyle büyük çapta ve belirsizlik ortamında gerçekleşen bu değişimin daha önce eğitim sistemimizde hiç deneyimlenmemiş olmasından dolayı öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitime yaklaşımlarının incelenmesi önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Íktisadi ve Ídari Bilimler Fakültesi öğrencilerinin, Covid-19 pandemi döneminde uzaktan eğitim sistemine bakış açıları, uzaktan eğitim sistemiyle ilgili öz yeterlikleri ve uzaktan eğitimle yürütülen derslere ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemek amacı ile fakültede yer alan dokuz bölümden 2543 öğrenciye anket uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın güvenirlik düzeyi 0.97 olarak bulunmuştur. Anket sonuçlarına göre öğrencilerin %31.8'i uzaktan eğitimi, %42.4'ü ise yüz yüze eğitimi tercih ettiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Dersleri anlama konusunda öğrencilerin %49.6'sı yüz yüze eğitimi tercih ettiklerini, %40.2'si öğretim elemanlarının uzaktan eğitimdeki ders hakimiyetlerinin yeterli olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ile Íktisadi ve Ídari Bilimler Fakültesi öğrencilerinin uzaktan eğitim sisteminin olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri ile ilgili görüşleri elde edilmiş ve yeni eğitim politika önerileri getirilmiştir.Alternate abstract: Covid-19 disease was defined as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. In Turkey, preventive studies have been initiated in many areas to combat this disease. In this context, face-to-face education was suspended and distance education system was introduced at all levels of education. Turkish Higher Education Council has decided that universities will continue their education with distance education systems as of March 23, 2020, so the distance education system, which is an alternative, has become mandatory. Distance education is a systematic form of education in which the student and the instructor are in different places in the learning and teaching process, and that provides individuality, flexibility and independence to the parties in terms of space, time and space. It is important to examine students' approaches to distance education since this change, which took place on such a large scale and in an environment of uncertainty, has never been experienced in our education system before. This study aims to determine the views of the students of the Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences of Sivas Cumhuriyet University on the distance education system during the Covid-19 pandemic, their self-efficacy related to the distance education system and the courses conducted with distance education. A situation assessment questionnaire prepared for this purpose is provided by the students through the university distance education system. 2543 students from nine departments in the faculty participated in the survey. The reliability level of the study was found to be 0.97. It was determined that 41.4% of the students who participated in the survey lived in Sivas. According to the results of the survey, 31.8% of the students stated that they preferred distance education and 42.4% preferred face-to-face education. In terms of understanding the lessons, 49.6% of the students stated that they preferred face-to-face education, and 40.2% stated that the instructors' course dominance in distance education is sufficient. With the results obtained from this study, the opinions of the students of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences about the positive and negative aspects of the distance education system i obtained and new education policy suggestions is made.

Social dominance orientation, right-wing authoritarianism, and political attitudes toward governmental performance during the COVID-19 pandemic

This research examined the association of social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) with the evaluations of the government's anti-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) policies and performance. In Study 1 (N = 261), we found that SDO and RWA were positively associated with resistance to criticism about the government's anti-COVID-19 measures. In addition, SDO was positively associated with favorable evaluations of the government's performance in handling the crisis. Support for lockdown policies mediated these attitudes. In Study 2 (N = 438), the results show that SDO and RWA had indirect associations with beliefs in the superiority of China's political system through three mediation variables. Evaluations of the US government's performance in handling the COVID-19 pandemic were negatively associated with beliefs in the superiority of China's political system, and there was a negative relationship between evaluations of the Chinese and US governments' performances. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Social justice and the judicial interpretation of international equal protection law

Social justice is turning into an international concern. This development is a response to the continuous rise of socioeconomic inequality – the gap between the rich and the poor –growing in several OECD member states since the 1970s. International human rights law (IHRL) presently only establishes a weak normative framework regarding social justice. This article argues that the full potential of this framework has still not been activated by international human rights adjudication. There are several reasons for this: a complex history of ideas suggesting little common understanding of the notion of social justice, the focus of international human rights adjudication on individual rather than constitutional justice, and the priority of liberty rights over equality rights. Yet, the domination of the liberal over the social in international human rights adjudication has started to change. The article shows how the social justice concern is beginning to be incorporated into IHRL by judicial interpretation of international equal protection and non-discrimination law (international equal protection law, IEPL). Integrating the social justice concern into IEPL is a legitimate yet transformative step as it increases judicial discretion at the international level. More than many other human rights, socioeconomic equality is highly context-specific and depends on a complex factual assessment of the local circumstances. This exacerbates the institutional legitimacy challenge levelled against international human rights courts. However, the article argues that the legitimacy challenge can be alleviated by focusing more on procedural rather than a substantive international review.

Artificial intelligence-based group decision making to improve knowledge transfer: the case of distance learning in higher education

In this paper, we propose a method based on multicriteria classification and a dominancebased rough set approach (DRSA) to support teachers in decision making. The objective is to use teachers' knowledge and preferences to identify ‘atrisk students', i.e. students who are likely to drop out, and ‘leader students', i.e. students who are likely to help their peers, in distance learning. The proposed method is composed of two phases: phase I builds collective decision rules from teachers' preferences, and phase II classifies students into two decision classes: ‘atrisk students' and ‘leader students'. This method was designed, tested, and validated in higher education, with teachers who have acquired rich experience in teaching in online-synchronous mode since the Covid-19 pandemic. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.